Process for the utilization of pulverulent fuel.



No. 820,236. PATENTED MAY 8,1906

A. MOORE. v k PROCESS FOR THE UTILIZATION OF PULVERULENT I' IEL.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 12.1905

, 2 SHEETS-SHEET I Z i Z No. 820,236. PATENTED MAY 8, 1906 A. MOORE.

noonss FOR THE UTILIZATION OF PULVERULENT FUEL,

APPLICATION FILED JULY 12. 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 'Witmooea iiinirnn snares Parana OFFICE AMAN MOORE, OF PORTLAND, COLORAIDO. Paoosss Foe THE uTiuzA'rioN OF PULVERULENT FUEL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 8, 1906.

Application filed July 12, 1905- Serial No. 269,404.

ing is a specification.

' verulent form as a fuel.

My invention relates to a process for the utilization of combustible material in pul- In certain of the arts the employment of fuel in pulverulent formis essential, particularly, by way of illustration, in the manufacture of hydraulic cement. It is, moreover, essential in cement manufacture, as-in other arts in which pulverulent fuel is used, toprovide for the sup ply along with the fuel of a combustion-supporting fluid, such as air or steam, in sufficient volume to promote practically instantaneous and perfect combustion of every particle of the fuel.

It has been the practice to discharge the fuel with its combustion-supporting fluid into a combustion-chamber or furnace, where the heat required of it is generated in such man- Her and under such conditions as are imposed by the art in which the fuel aforesaid is used.

My present invention, relating to a process for promoting the combustion of pulverulent fuel, has for its essential object means of distributing the fuel with and preferably by the I aid of a combustion-supportin fluid within the combustion-chamber in siic manner and under such conditions as may most perfectly secure the objectsought to be obtained namely, perfect, instantaneous, andnininterrupted combustion of the fuel-supply.

The preferred apparatus for carrying my rocess into effect I describe in my compan- 1on application filed herewith, Serial N 0. 269,403, to which reference is hereby made.

The apparatus aforesaid is shown in the accompanying drawings and described in the following specification,

What constitutes my invention will be hereinafter specified in detail and succinctly set forth in the appended claims.

Referring to the drawings which accompany and constitute a part of this specification, Figure Tie a side elevation of-that which for-convenience of designation I denominate my atomizer, showing diagrammatically its ap )lication to acombustion chamber. Fig. lI is a longitudinal vertical section of the atomizer. Fig. III is an elevation of the discharge end of the atomizer. Figzv-IV is a'similar view .of the opposite end thereof. Fi V is a transverse vertical section of Fig. F, showing the internal construction of one form of the barrel of the atomizer in section. Fig. VI is a view similar to Fig. V, showing a modification of the barrel construction. Fig. VII is a vertical section of the barrel of the atomizer detached andshowing diagrammatically a flame projected across and to the opposite side of a diagrammatically-indicated combustion chamber. In this figure equilibrium of pressure in the several pressure-chambers adapted for the supply of an oxygenous fluid is indicated by three arrows above and an equal number below. Fig. VIII is'a View similar to Fig. VII, illustrating diagrammatically distribution of fuel with and by the aid of its oxygenous envelo to the medial portion and'to one side of t e diagrammatically-indicated combustion-chamber. Preponderanc'e of pressure in one pressure-chamber over that in the opposite chamber is indicated by two arrows above and four arrows below. Fig. IX is a view similar to Fi VII, illustrating fuel distribution to the si e of the combustion-chamber o posite the side to which it is shown as distributed in Fig. VIII. 'Preponderance of pressure in the pressure-chamber is shown.

y four arrows above against two arrows below.

Referring to the numerals on the drawings, 1 indicates the outer wall, 2 the inner wall, and 3 the end wall, which, combined with an end plate 4, constitute that which I designate as the barrel of my atomizer in the preferred formof embodiment of my apparatus illustrated. The walls 1 and 2 are preferably coaxial cylinders unitedby an integral end wall 3, while the plate 4 is preferably an annulus of a width sufficient to extend flush with the walls 2 and 3, against and opposite the ends of which it is secured in such manner as to effect a close joint between the parts.

The inner wall 2 of the barrel surrounds and with the plate 4 defines the center bore' of my atomizer, through which, as by a blast of bore for the fuel' discharge are illustrated, because the means contemplated are well known in the art and do not in themselves constitute any-part of my present invention.

The walls 1 and 2, spaced and united by the integral wall 3 and the plate 4, define between them 'a space for the rece tion ofan oxygenous fluid'such, for examp e, as air or steam.which being discharged about the blast through the center bore constitutes an oxygenous or combustion-supporting envelop about the fuel-supply. I prefer to provide as a means of discharge of the contents of said-space and for the formation of the ox genous envelop an annular or substantial annular series of e uidistant orifices or drill holesfi, (see Fig. E11,) preferably arranged to discharge under equal determinate pressure toward a definite focal pointsuch, for instance, as that indicated by the refer-' ence-numeral 7 in Fig. VII of the drawings. The series of orifices 6 are preferably drilled through the wall 3.

- It is the principal object of my invention, as has been specified, to provide for the distribution of the fuel as supplied through my atomizer to any point within the furnace or combustion-chamber. (Diagrammaticallyinoicated in Figs. VII to IX, inclusive, of the drawings, by the ellipse 8.) Having postulated that the point of fuel-supply is subject without limitation to thewill of the operator,

it may be specified that such distribution maygbe regarded, in effect, as a shifting of the focal point from the conventionallydetermined normal focal point 7 to any other focal point desired... Accordingly I have indicated forming part of the current. itself are alone used to change the direction of the current.

The dirigibility of the envelop, by whatever means obtainable, characterizes the principle of 'my invention. In'respect to the apparatus the' preferred means employed consists of a division of the s ace between the walls 1 and 2 into a plura ityof chambers definable by longitudlnally-dis osedj'septa 12, extending between the Wals 1 and 2 and which are preferably cast integrally with them. The number of septa is determinable by the number of chambers employed, which f may be varied as preferred, For the purose of'this specification I show in Fig. V our septa defining for separate chambers 14,

15, 16, and 17, and in Fig. VI, I show three septa 12, defining three separate chambers 19, 20, and 21.

The septa afford'convenient means for securing the annular plate 4 to the barrel,which 1s shown in Fig. IV, provided with screwholes 22, disposed with reference to the septa with which the barrel is provided, four screwholes being shown in said figure to correspond with the four se ta illustrated wherever they appear, save in ig. .VI of the drawings. Into these screw-holes are passed and screwed into threaded apertures provided for them in the several septascrews24. (Indicated by dotted lines in Fi II of the drawings.)

Each 0 the fluid-supply chambers 14, 15, 16, and 17, for example, is provided with an independently-controllable source of fluidsupply, represented in Figs. I and II of the drawings by pipes 25, 26, 27, and 28, each threaded into a nipple 29, provided for it preferably in the plate 4. (Compare Figs. I and II and IV.) 30, 31, 32, and 33 indicate .valves with which the pipes aforesaidaare respectively provided and which aifor independent means for control of the pressure and volume of the fluid which passes through them.

The fluid-pressure within the several chambers may vary from a few ounces to a pressure, it may be, of hundreds of pounds. If the pressure be heavy and a large volume of combustion-supporting fluid be passed under equal pressure into the several ohambersand discharged therefrom, it will produce a uicker combustion and shorter flame than if no fluid or only a small volume of fluid or fluid at low pressure were discharged through the atomizer. It is therefore possible by variation of equal ressures in the several chambers to shift t e focal point from the position 7 (indicated in Fig. VII of the drawings) to any position desired along the axis of abscissas 35. If, on the other hand, the pressure in one or more of the chambers be augmented beyond that in the other cham her or chambers, the focal point may be shifted not only as s ecified with reference to the line of the axis 0 abscissas 35, but also to any point of departure therefromsuch, for example, as to points 10 and 11, (see Figs. VIII and IX,) indicated, respectivel upon the axis of ordinates 36.. It is there ore-obvious that by variation of pressure and of the ratio -of pressure in the several chambers any point within the combustion-chamber without reference to its sha e, but indicated diagrammatically in Fi s. III to IX, inclusive, of the drawings by the ellipse 8 may be reached as a focal point.

It may be observed that by reason of the convergent disposition of the, discharge-orifices 6 around the center bore of the atomizer the cu'rrent'of discharge of the combustionsupporting fluid is ma e athwart that of the state each separate particle of it being then pulverulent form which consists in dischargfuel discharge. It having been specified that the fuel-supply is preferably a dustladen air-blast and that the oxygenous envelop is preferably a blast of air or steam, it will therefore be obvious to one skilled in the art that the conflict. of the tWo currents tends not only to an intimate cornrn'ingling of an oxygenous fluid with the fuel to be ignited, but also to the preservation of the pulverulent character of the fuel, in Which most accessible to the con1bustionsupporting fluid which penetrates the mass 1s presented in the condition most favorable to its quick and complete combustion.

What I claim is i v .l. A. process for the utilization of fuel in mg such fuel into a combustion 'ehainber along-With a combustion-supporting fluid, and in distributing the same by means of a dirigible fluid-current to any point Within the combustion-chamber desired.

' 2. A-process ,for the utilization of fuel in pulverulent form which consists in distributively discharging such fuel, into a combustion-cha1nber along With and by the aid of an inherently dirigible current of combustionsuppcrting fluid.

3. A process for the utilization of fuei in see t pulverulent form which consists in distributively discharging such fuel into a combusticn-chainber along with and by the aid of a dirigible combustion-supporting envelop.

A A process for the utilization of fuel'in pulverulent form which consists in distributively discharging such fuel into a con1bustionchainber along with and by the aid of a dirigible envelop constituted of an oxygenous fluid.

pulverulent form which consists in the discharge thereof along With and by the aid of an envelop of oxygenous fluid to a focal point Within a combustion-chamber variable at the will of the operator.

6. A process for the utilization of fuel in pulverulent form which consists in discharging the fuel into a combustion-chamber by a plurality of fuel-in1pellin fluid-currents the ratio of pressures of the several currents being variable.

in testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

AMAN MOORE.

- Witnesses ft. J. lvfonsn, L. D. Gunner.

5. A process for the utilization of fuel in 

